9%. Despite opposition claims of electoral irregularities, the court rejected a nullification request filed by Dave Mafoula, one of the six candidates who challenged Sassou Nguesso. He has been re-elected five times since 2002, amid accusations of non-transparent and undemocratic practices.
Rights groups have criticized him for the persecution of opposition activists.
The constitution bars Sassou Nguesso from seeking re — election in 2031.



